"You win and you win nothing..."
In these terms, one wonders: what was Zizek trying to say with his shirt? One possibility is that this is the only shirt that he owns - or rather, that he owns a perhaps hundred different identical pairs of this very same shirt, for the reason that, in all of his varied experiences with differently patterned shirts, he has decided that it is this very one that he feels most comfortably wearing, that it is the green and white stripeyness of this one in particular that goes best with his skin tone and general demeanour.
The title card for Tuesday read "The Ethics of Psychoanalysis" - but Zizek began his talk by first of all going back over the story so far. Last episode, we learned that the big Other exists in language in the form of attributed speech. For instance: "the Nation demands loyalty!"
Zizek made clear that this phenomena is not confined to mere rhetoric alone, but rather embraces reality as such. But then, of course - as we all know - reality is structured like a language.
Furthermore - neither alienation nor authenticity is directly mandated by the big Other. This is to say, the true meaning of the dictum "the Nation demands loyalty!" is not that it is really me, myself who is demanding loyalty - but for rhetorical purposes I am cynically claiming that it is Nation that is demanding it. On the contrary - it is "really" the Nation which is issuing this demand - it is not me at all. Only - the Nation as such is an entirely imaginary construction. There is no authentic, concrete Nation which stands behind my invocation, that is actually issuing demands.
The major point here is the old materialist axiom that it is not that truth lies behind appearances, but rather, truth instead is directly to do with appearances, that truth lies in appearances. As Lacan put it, "truth has the structure of a fiction."
For instance, I live a double life - by day I am a puny weakling office worker, but by night I confidently rape and pillage my way through the virtual world of an online fantasy game. Neither of these two universes is really any more "real" than the other - rather instead, they are both just merely two different objective expressions of two different symbolic identities, that I have happened to construct for myself.
The only question is - why I have constructed precisely these two different identities? Why must I have constructed them in this precise way that I have? In fact, this formulation is misleading, since it is not really "me" who has constructed my identities, but is rather instead closer to the opposite - my identities have constructed me. This is the logic of symptom.
The ultimate manuevre that the big Other performs is really not: "I speak through the big Other" but is rather instead: "The big Other speaks through me." Or as Lacan put it: "I, the truth, am speaking."
The distinction here is between this first formula, and the second statement: "I am telling the truth," - in the first case we see a situation in which the subject of enunciation and the subject of the statement effectively form a single subject. In this second one, we come across them as seperate and distinct entities.
For this reason this first formula radically corresponds to the structure of an ethical act whereas this second one only ultimately amounts to what Lacan called a passage a l'acte - with this passage specifically in this telling.
To put it sharply, how exactly can one tell the truth? Is there not the suggestion to this formula that one is telling it something? As if it was somehow a subject itself? And what exactly would one, could one tell it - that it would be interested in learning?
There is one thing - desire. Hence the pathos involved in this kind of structure. Zizek alluded here to the libidinal economy of the conspiracy theory, underpinned as it tends to be the basic axiom: the truth is out there. Why is the truth out there? Because it isn't down there. For instance in the X-Files, where alien invasions, massive government cover-ups, etc, worked to keep unresolved sexual tension simmering between the agents week after week. And also (Zizek paused for effect at this point - we all knew what was coming) The Da Vinci Code!
"I bought from this Chinese woman yesterday the DVD for only four pounds, it is very good quality, and you know, everyone was saying, this movie was so terrible, but it is not so bad, and you know, pure Freudian displacement. I mean, this woman, she is virgin, she witnessed in her childhood something with her parents, it is the primal scene! And so you have, you know, this fantasy of god fucking, this massive cover-up..."
As Zizek explained: "We invent mythology to explain our everyday reality." Furthermore, desire - the fundamental substance of this reality - is traumatic, disturbing and opposed to the pleasure principle. For this reason, we have to condense it into symbolic language, in order to have any hope of dealing with it at all.
At this point we enter effectively into the realm of morality, what Lacan called the realm of "the servicing of the goods." In a moral universe, the reigning logic is basically that I have my desires, you have your desires, let us all desire to the extent that our desires don't harm each other. In other words, do as you would be done. All very well, claimed Zizek, only the problem is that this universe suffers from a terrible theoretical lack - namely, resentment. As Gore Vidal put it, "It is not enough for me to win, the other guy has to lose." Zizek recited again one of his trademarks, "An angel comes down to a Slovenian peasant and says, "I will do to you whatever you want, only I will do it to your neighbour double." The peasant responds instantly, "Take one of my eyes."
The point here is the Kierkegaardian one: the only good neighbour is a dead neighbour. As Zizek understands it, the ethics of psychoanalysis must insist upon this point first of all (or else we end up with basically a hippy fantasy dancing free and happy in the meadows) but also go beyond it.
His example here was the problematic relationship that communism had with holocaust survivors - after the war many of them were actually put on trial for treason. Recounting here a conversation he had with an "old Slovenian communist" Zizek explained the logic to this madness. The universe of communism is a universe of struggle. In the strictures of this universe, it is impossible to concieve that there could ever be someone not able to struggle. Therefore, "Either they were traitors, or else my life has no meaning."
In this situation, Zizek suggested, the ethical choice has to be this second choice: my life has no meaning. "The ethics of psychoanalysis is the opposite of Pascal's wager," he claimed, "It is: you win and win nothing, you lose... and you lose everything."



